Viabilidade, confirmação taxonômica e detecção enzimática de espécies de Acremonium preservadas sob óleo mineral na Coleção de Culturas University Recife Mycology / Viability, taxonomic confirmation and enzymatic detection of Acremonium species preserved under mineral oil in the URM Culture Collection

Enzimas hidrolíticas secretadas por fungos têm um papel importante na patogenicidade das infecções. Objetivando avaliar a atividade enzimática foram testados 31 isolados de Acremonium mantidos na Coleção de Culturas University Recife Mycology. Fragmentos das culturas foram transferidos para caldo glicosado para reativação e posterior crescimento em meio ágar batata dextrose, para verificar viabilidade, pureza e confirmação taxonômica pela observação das características macroscópicas e microscópicas. Para detecção enzimática foram utilizados substratos de caseína do leite e gelatina para protease, amido para amilase e lecitina de soja para fosfolipase. Das 31 culturas, 26 (83,9 por cento) mantiveram-se viáveis e 24 (92,3 por cento) foram confirmadas taxonomicamente. Das 24 culturas, 12 (50 por cento) apresentaram atividade proteásica, duas (16,7 por cento) em caseína do leite, uma (8,3 por cento) em gelatina e nove (75 por cento) em ambos os substratos; 16 (66,7 por cento) degradaram amido. Nenhuma cultura apresentou atividade fosfolipásica. Conclui-se que espécies de Acremonium são capazes de produzir enzimas envolvidas na patogenicidade das infecções fúngicas.

Hydrolytic enzymes secreted by fungi play an important role in the pathogenesis of infection. With the aim of evaluating the enzymatic activity, 31 isolates of Acremonium stored in the University of Recife Mycology (URM) Culture Collection were tested. Culture fragments were transferred to glycoside broth for reactivation and further growth in potato dextrose agar medium in order to investigate viability and purity and to confirm the taxonomy through observing the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. To detect enzymes, milk casein and gelatin were used as substrates for proteinase, starch for amylase and soy lecithin for phospholipase. Among the 31 cultures, 26 (83.9 percent) remained viable and 24 (92.3 percent) were confirmed taxonomically. Out of these 24 cultures, 12 (50 percent) presented proteinase activity, of which two (16.7 percent) were on milk casein, one (8.3 percent) on gelatin and nine (75 percent) on both substrates; 16 (66.7 percent) degraded starch. None of the cultures presented phospholipase activity. It was concluded that Acremonium species are able to produce enzymes that are involved in the pathogenicity of fungal infections.

Optimization of diterpenes bioconversion process by fungus "Cephalosporium aphidicola"

Parameters for a more effcient biotransformation of diterpene-like compounds by the fungus "Cephalosporium aphidicola" were established by carrying out microscale feeding at several conditions. Experiments were guided by thin layer chromatography and gas chromatography analysis. It was observed that the substrate should be added in ethanol at concentrations between 15 to 14 mg per 100 ml of medium. The extraction of the product showed to be more effcient when carried out from both mycelia and broth and using ethylacetate as the extracting solvent. The experiment should be stopped six days after feeding the substrate to the fungus for the best product yield.